Entgrenzung durch Medien: Internationalisierungsprozesse als Rahmenbedingung der Mediendidaktik

Die Mediendidaktik ist eine Teildisziplin der Medienpädagogik und hat in den vergangenen Jahren einen enormen Zuwachs an Nachfrage und Bedeutung erfahren. Dieser Bedeutungszuwachs ist bedingt durch den verstärkten Einsatz digitaler Informations- und Kommunikationstechniken in Bildungsprozessen (Stichwort «E- Learning»). Der vorliegende Beitrag entwickelt die These, dass die Mediendidaktik ausgehend von medientechnischen Entwicklungen im Kontext von Globalisierung einer Entgrenzung unterworfen ist. Diese Entgrenzung ist Chance und Risiko zugleich. Der vorliegende Beitrag klärt zunächst den Begriff der Entgrenzung. Anhand dreier Phänomene werden Prozesse der Entgrenzung für die Mediendidaktik beschrieben. Ausgehend von der Problematisierung der Prozesse von Entgrenzung werden abschliessend einige Folgerungen für die Mediendidaktik als Teildisziplin der Medienpädagogik zur Diskussion gestellt

The Double Path of Expansive Learning in Complex Socio-Technical Change Processes

The purpose of this article is to describe how expansive learning in organisations can become a resource for learning in a wider community of practice (CoP). The “developmental work research” approach (DWR) based on cultural historical activity theory (CHAT) is beneficial for analysing and interpreting the requirements in a field of action. Engeström’s specific form of “action research” focuses on expansive learning in activity systems. However, complex socio-technical change processes cannot be initiated and managed by the local community of practise alone. In order to establish the use of new tools, new methodologies or organisational solutions in a field of work, a double path of expansive learning is needed: Findings from the participative analysis and interpretation of contradictions in the local activity system have to be transferred to wider communities of practice. This paper illustrates a double path of expansive learning by presenting the experiences of research and development in machine and plant engineering companies in Germany. In the AQUIMO project, a project team has developed an adaptable software tool for multidisciplinary mechatronical engineering and created a related qualification program. The support from external social researchers has helped to initiate, disseminate and establish new ways to organise the division of labour in teams of engineers.</p

The Double Path of Expansive Learning in Complex Socio-Technical Change Processes

The purpose of this article is to describe how expansive learning in organisations can become a resource for learning in a wider community of practice (CoP). The “developmental work research” approach (DWR) based on cultural historical activity theory (CHAT) is beneficial for analysing and interpreting the requirements in a field of action. Engeström’s specific form of “action research” focuses on expansive learning in activity systems. However, complex socio-technical change processes cannot be initiated and managed by the local community of practise alone. In order to establish the use of new tools, new methodologies or organisational solutions in a field of work, a double path of expansive learning is needed: Findings from the participative analysis and interpretation of contradictions in the local activity system have to be transferred to wider communities of practice. This paper illustrates a double path of expansive learning by presenting the experiences of research and development in machine and plant engineering companies in Germany. In the AQUIMO project, a project team has developed an adaptable software tool for multidisciplinary mechatronical engineering and created a related qualification program. The support from external social researchers has helped to initiate, disseminate and establish new ways to organise the division of labour in teams of engineers

Qualitative Methodentriangulation bei der arbeitswissenschaftlichen Exploration von Tätigkeitssystemen

Research concerning ergonomic issues in interdisciplinary projects often raises several very specific questions depending on project objectives. To answer these questions the application of research methods should be thoroughly considered, regarding both the expenditure and the options within the scope of the given resources. The project AQUIMO develops an adaptable modelling tool for mechatronical engineering and creates a related qualification program. The task of social scientific research within this project is to identify requirements viewed from the perspective of the subsequent users. This formative evaluation is based on the approach of "developmental work research" as set forth by ENGESTRÖM and, thus, is a form of "action research". This paper discusses the triangulation of several qualitative methods addressing the examination of difficulties in interdisciplinary collaboration in mechatronical engineering. After a description of both background and analytic approach within the project AQUIMO, the methods are briefly described concerning their advantages and critical points. Their application within the research project AQUIMO is explained from an activity theoretical perspective. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs0803158A menudo surgen preguntas diversas y muy específicas en la investigación sobre temas ergonómicos en proyectos interdisciplinarios. Para responder tales preguntas debe considerarse cuidadosamente la aplicación de métodos de investigación, observando tanto los gastos como las opciones en el marco de los recursos disponibles. El proyecto AQUIMO desarrolla una adaptable herramienta de modelamiento para la ingeniería mecatrónica y crea un programa de calificación vinculado. La tarea de la investigación científica social en este proyecto es identificar las necesidades vistas desde la perspectiva de los usuarios. Esta evaluación formativa se basa en el enfoque de "trabajo de investigación para el desarrollo" formulado por ENGESTRÖM y, por ello, es una forma de "investigación acción". Este artículo discute la triangulación de varios métodos cualitativos examinando las dificultades de la colaboración interdisciplinaria en la ingeniería mecatrónica. Luego de la descripción de los antecedentes y del enfoque analítico en el proyecto AQUIMO, se describen brevemente los métodos de acuerdo con sus ventajas y puntos críticos. Se explica su aplicación en el proyecto de investigación AQUIMO desde una perspectiva teórica de la actividad. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs0803158Arbeitswissenschaftliche Aufgabenstellungen in interdisziplinären Projekten zeichnen sich häufig dadurch aus, dass sie entsprechend des Projektauftrages mehrere sehr spezifische Fragestellungen aufwerfen, deren Beantwortung im Rahmen der gegebenen Ressourcen eine sorgfältige Abwägung des Methodeneinsatzes hinsichtlich des Aufwandes und der Möglichkeiten erforderlich macht. Im Projekt AQUIMO sollen durch sozialwissenschaftliche Begleitforschung Anforderungen für die ingenieurwissenschaftliche Entwicklung eines computerbasierten Werkzeuges zur Unterstützung des mechatronischen Konstruktionsprozesses und einer dazugehörigen Qualifizierungsmaßnahme abgeleitet werden. Die formative Evaluation gründet auf dem Ansatz der entwickelnden Arbeitsforschung nach ENGESTRÖM und ist damit eine Form der Aktionsforschung. Der Beitrag befasst sich mit der Triangulation mehrerer qualitativer Methoden zur Untersuchung von Schwierigkeiten in der interdisziplinären Zusammenarbeit bei der mechatronischen Konstruktionstätigkeit. Nach einer Beschreibung der Ausgangslage und des Analyseansatzes im Projekt werden die Methoden hinsichtlich ihrer Vorzüge und kritischen Punkte jeweils kurz dargestellt und ihr Einsatz im Rahmen des Projektes AQUIMO aus tätigkeitstheoretischer Perspektive begründet. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs080315

Competition of Density Waves and Superconductivity in Twisted Tungsten Diselenide

Evidence for correlated insulating and superconducting phases around regions of high density of states was reported in the strongly spin-orbit coupled van-der Waals material twisted tungsten diselenide (tWSe$_2$). We investigate their origin and interplay by using a functional renormalization group approach that allows to describe superconducting and spin/charge instabilities in an unbiased way. We map out the phase diagram as function of filling and perpendicular electric field, and find that the moir\'e Hubbard model for tWSe$_2$ features mixed-parity superconducting order parameters with $s/f$-wave and topological $d/p$-wave symmetry next to (incommensurate) density wave states. Our work systematically characterizes competing interaction-driven phases in tWSe$_2$ beyond mean-field approximations and provides guidance for experimental measurements by outlining the fingerprint of correlated states in interacting susceptibilities.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, supplemental materia

Оценка воздействия дамбы в д. Босоногово Бердюжского района на окружающую среду Тюменской области

В статье рассмотрена положительная и отрицательная оценка воздействия дамбы в д. Босоногово Бердюжского района на окружающую среду Тюменской области.The article considers a positive and negative assessment of the impact of a dam in the village of Bosonogovo, Berdyuga district, on the environment of the Tyumen region

Clinical Feature and Bowel Ultrasound in Crohn’s Disease – Does Additional Information from Magnetic Resonance Imaging Affect Therapeutic Approach and When Does Extended Diagnostic Investigation Make Sense?

Background/Aims: Some suggest MRI to be superior to ultrasound in Crohn’s disease. We analyzed how often MR enterography (MRE) following a routine ultrasound leads to a change in therapeutic decision. Material and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 47 patients with Crohn’s disease undergoing routine ultrasound examination. Actual medical history, complete blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), and sonographic findings were assessed independently by two specialists who retrospectively provided a therapeutic proposal. Additionally, all patients received MRE. Thereafter, the specialists had to provide a new therapeutic concept regarding all the available information. Results: Evaluation of the rectum was not successful by ultrasound, but MRE gave good results. Only 1 of 7 abscesses was identified sonographically. Three of the abscesses missed at sonography were localized in the perirectal/perianal region. MRE detected more inflamed bowel segments, but ultrasound assessment of anatomically fixed bowel parts showed good recognition by MRE. With increasing CRP values, we found more positive results of ultrasound and MRE. Therapeutic change was suggested in only 18 patients. Conclusions: Ultrasound should be performed by an experienced examiner, and a proctological examination should be added. MRE is justified in cases of discrepancy between clinical findings and the results of diagnostic ultrasound and, moreover, if Crohn’s lesions are suspected at sites proximal to the terminal or neoterminal ileum

Volume Navigation with Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound and Image Fusion for Percutaneous Interventions: First Results

Percutaneous biopsies and drainages, even of small lesions involving complex access pathways, can be accomplished with a high success rate by using 3D real time image fusion together with real time needle tracking

Frequency and Nature of Incidental Extra-Enteric Lesions Found on Magnetic Resonance Enterography (MR-E) in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD)

The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of extra-enteric findings in a large cohort of patients undergoing magnetic resonance enterography (MR-E) and to classify the clinical significance of these findings.We retrospectively analyzed 1154 MR-E performed in 1006 patients referred to our radiological department between 1999-2005. The reasons for referral were suspected or proven inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) (n = 710), further diagnostic work-up for small bowel disease because of non-specific abdominal symptoms (SBD; n = 182) or suspected small bowel malignancies (SBM; n = 114). All extra-enteric findings were reviewed by a radiologist and a gastroenterologist and were classified as having high, moderate, or low significance for further diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.The average age of all patients was 40+/-16 (Mean+/-SD) years (y) (IBD 35+/-13 y; SBD 49+/-16 y; SBM 57+/-15 y). A total of 1113 extra-enteric findings were detected in 600 of 1006 patients (59.6%). Of these findings 180 (16.2%) were judged as having a high, 212 (19.0%) a moderate and 721 (64.8%) a low significance. On a per group basis in patients with IBD 12.0% of the findings were of major clinical significance compared to 13.7% and 33.3% in patients with SBD and SBM, respectively. The most common major findings were abscesses (69.9%) in the IBD group and extraintestinal tumors, metastases or masses in the SBD and SBM groups (41.9% and 74.2%, respectively).MR-E reveals a substantial number of extra-enteric findings, supporting the role of a cross-sectional imaging method for the evaluation of the small bowel

An economic model of long-term use of celecoxib in patients with osteoarthritis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Previous evaluations of the cost-effectiveness of the cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitor celecoxib (Celebrex, Pfizer Inc, USA) have produced conflicting results. The recent controversy over the cardiovascular (CV) risks of rofecoxib and other coxibs has renewed interest in the economic profile of celecoxib, the only coxib now available in the United States. The objective of our study was to evaluate the long-term cost-effectiveness of celecoxib compared with nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsNSAIDs) in a population of 60-year-old osteoarthritis (OA) patients with average risks of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) complications who require chronic daily NSAID therapy.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We used decision analysis based on data from the literature to evaluate cost-effectiveness from a modified societal perspective over patients' lifetimes, with outcomes expressed as incremental costs per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained. Sensitivity tests were performed to evaluate the impacts of advancing age, CV thromboembolic event risk, different analytic horizons and alternate treatment strategies after UGI adverse events.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Our main findings were: 1) the base model incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for celecoxib versus nsNSAIDs was $31,097 per QALY; 2) the ICER per QALY was$19,309 for a model in which UGI ulcer and ulcer complication event risks increased with advancing age; 3) the ICER per QALY was $17,120 in sensitivity analyses combining serious CV thromboembolic event (myocardial infarction, stroke, CV death) risks with base model assumptions.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our model suggests that chronic celecoxib is cost-effective versus nsNSAIDs in a population of 60-year-old OA patients with average risks of UGI events.</p